Reducing embryonic loss and enhancing AI efficiency in dairy buffaloes Feb 2025 R4D Highlights OMK By Ronaline Canute Embryonic loss in dairy buffaloes is a significant concern as it directly impact productivity and profitability. Local dairy farmers face the challenge of ensuring consistent and efficient reproductive success, especially when utilizing artificial insemination (AI). Reducing embryonic loss and enhancing AI efficiency in dairy buffaloes A research team from the R&D Division of DA-PCC conducted a study titled, “Detection and Management of Embryonic and Fetal Loss in Dairy Buffaloes.” The team aims to find ways to improve pregnancy rates and decrease embryonic losses through better reproductive management. The researcher aimed to enhance AI efficiency and help dairy farmers increase their herd’s productivity by testing several estrus synchronization protocols. The study was grouped into multiple experiments. For study 1, post-partum dairy buffaloes exhibiting natural estrus were artificially inseminated, serving as controls; in study 2, the size of pre-ovulatory follicles was measured and categorized. The researchers used this data to determine the ideal timing for AI, hypothesizing that larger follicles would yield better results. Study 3 involved grouping buffaloes by breeding seasons, from January through December. Buffaloes in this phase were treated with the CIDR-Synch-hCG estrus and ovulation synchronization protocol and inseminated on Day 10 of the protocol. The key findings of the study revealed that CIDR-hCG protocol (T2) and natural estrus (T1) showed similar pregnancy rates, but CIDR-hCG had lower embryonic loss; PGF2 protocol (T3) had the lowest pregnancy rate and highest embryonic loss, indicating that this protocol was less effective; larger follicle size (≥12 mm) resulted in the highest pregnancy rates and lowest embryonic losses; and insemination during cooler months (January-March and October-December) led to higher pregnancy rates and lower embryonic loss compared to warmer months. The study concluded that the CIDR-hCG protocol (T2) demonstrated comparable pregnancy rates to natural estrus (T1) but with a significant advantage of lower embryonic loss. The PGF2 protocol (T3), however, was less effective, showing the lowest pregnancy rates and highest embryonic loss. Additionally, larger follicle size (≥12 mm) was associated with improved pregnancy outcomes, characterized by higher pregnancy rates and reduced embryonic loss. Furthermore, insemination during cooler months (January-March and October-December) resulted in more favorable reproductive outcomes, highlighting the importance of both protocol choice and seasonal timing in optimizing fertility
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